Uses of Prepositions -

Prepositions of time show the relationship of time between the nouns to the other parts of a sentence.

Common preposition of time: On, at, in, from, to, for, since, ago, before, till/until, by, etc. are the most common.

AT, ON, IN

AT:

At always indicates an exact and specific time.

Example:

• I started working at 10 AM.
• The movie starts at 6 PM.
• The shop closes at 30 AM.

Note: Exceptions are that we say – at the weekend, at night, at Chrismas, at Easter, at the moment, etc.

On:

On generally indicates a fixed date or a day.

Example:

• I’ll see her on Friday.
• He broke a record on Monday morning.
• I have a meeting on 25 October. 

In:

In generally indicates an indefinite and unspecific time of months, seasons, years, centuries, etc.

Example:

• I will get a holiday in December.
• Murphy was born in 2001.
• I love playing cricket in summer.

Note: Some very common exceptions are – in the morning, in the evening, in the afternoon, in five minutes, in six days, in two years, etc.

FROM....TO ,  UNTIL,  SINCE,  FOR

From....to:

From....to  indicates a fixed time-span with the beginning and the end.

Example:

• I worked there from 2010 to 2017.
• I usually work from Saturday to Thursday.
• I will stay there from 10 AM to 6 PM.

Until/till:

Until/till indicates a specific or unspecific time/event up to a point.

Example:

• They will not return until Friday.   
• Wait for me until I return.
• I do not give up until I am succeeded.
• I will be there until Monday.

Since:

Since indicates a time-span beginning in a time in the past and still continuing in the present (now).

Example:

• Alex has been in the village since Sunday.
• He has been suffering from fever since Friday.
• Robin and Susan have been friends since childhood.

For:

For indicates a period of time (amount of time) in the past, present or future.

Example:

• He stayed there for four days.
• I will be staying there for five months.
• I will work with them for a year.
• He was standing there for a long time.

BEFORE, AFTER, DURING, BY

Before:

Before indicates a prior event/ period of time from a point. 

Example:

• Robin was very nervous before the interview.
• I want to leave before lunch.
• These batsmen should not get out before the tea break.
• Before going, close all the window.

After:

After indicates a following event/period of time from a point. This preposition is the exact opposite of before.

Example:

• Robin felt confident after the interview.
• I want to leave after lunch.
• After playing football, we went home.

During:

During indicates a period of time throughout the course or duration of any event or action.

Example:

• Robert was sleeping during the film.
• They don’t talk during dinner.
• I don’t usually smoke during office time.

By:

By means ‘within the extent or period of; during’ something.

Example:

• I will complete the assignment by Sunday.
• He will return by 6 PM.
• I will submit the list by 11 AM.

Prepositions of Places and Direction Usa Prepositions of place show the relationship of place between the nouns to the other parts of a sentence.

Common prepositions of places & direction:On, at, in, by, from, to, towards, up, down, across, between, among, through, in front of, behind, above, over, under, below, etc. are the most common.

IN, AT

IN:

In indicates something to be present in a place or enclosure. It does not say particularly where but gives an enclosure to the noun it connects with.

Example:

• Your shirt is in the closet. (Does not indicate an exact place)
• He lives in Australia.
• Alex works in that building.

AT:

At indicates an exact place.

Example:

• He is at the door.
• I am standing at 13/4 George Street.
• He is at home.

ON, ABOVE, OVER 

ON:

On indicates a position above but touching the object.

Example:

• The phone is on the table. (Phone is touching with the table)
• He is on the third floor.
• Sit on the sofa.

ABOVE:

Above indicates a much higher position than the preposition on does. It also indicates something out of reach.

Example:

• The sky is above my head.
• Hold your hands above your head.
• Stars are above the sky.

OVER

Over means a position between on and abovewhich is not touching.

Example:

• There are clouds over the hills.
• A bird flew over my head.
• My flat is over that shop.

UNDER, BELOW

UNDER:

Under is the opposite of on and means ‘below the surface of’ something.

Example:

• The cat is under the table.
• The carpet under my feet is very soft.
• That book is under my glasses.

BELLOW:

Below indicates something at a slightly lower position than what under indicates.

Example:

• I have a scar just below my right eye.
• Do you see the line below the paper?
• Please, don’t write below this line.

TO, FROM

TO:

To indicates a motion in the direction of a place.

Example:

• He went to college.
• We are going to Mexico.
• We walked from the farm to the beach.

FROM

From indicates the point of place at which a motion, journey, or action starts.

Example:

• He came from England.
• We walked from the beach to the farm.
• He drove here from Atlanta.

INTO, OUT OF

INTO:

Into indicates a motion towards/going inside something. It has many uses.

Example:

• He came into the house.
• The police broke into the bar.
• My car crashed into a street sign.

OUT OF:

Out of means the opposite of into. It indicates a motion towards outside of something.

Example:

• He is going out of the town.
• Get out of my house.
• Please, remain out of this. (Not indicating a place but an issue)

THROUGH,  ACROSS, BESIDE,  IN FRONT OF,  BEHIND, TOWARDS,  BY

THROUGH:

Through indicates a motion in the middle of something.

Example:

• We drove through the tunnel.
• They came through a forest.
• He came through a wedding gate.

ACROSS:

Across means going to the other side of a river or road or something straight.

Example:

• He went across the river.
• I walked across the road.
• My house is across the bank. (There is a road between the house and the bank)

BESIDE:

Beside means at the side of/ next to something.

Example:

• The car beside the cycle is mine.
• He is standing beside the shop.
• I will always be beside you.

IN FRONT OF

In front of means a position facing someone/something.

Example:

• He parked his car in front of my house.
• I have a pool in front of my resthouse.
• He was nervous in front of me.

BEHIND:

Behind means at the far side of something (might be out of sight). It is opposite of in front of.

Example:

• He parked his car behind my car.
• I have a pool behind my house.
• Go behind that tree.

TOWARDS:

Towards means a motion in the direction of something literary or metaphorically.

Example:

• Take five steps towards the post and stand there.
• They moved towards the Labour Party.
• I walked towards the car when you were standing.

BY

By means ‘near to or next to’ something or someone.

Example:

• He has a house by the river.
• I was standing by the car.
• My flat is by the saloon.

UP, DOWN

UP:

Up means a motion towards a higher place or position.

Example:

• We were climbing up the mountain.
• Lift your hands up.
• John is going up to London. (From a lower place of the country)
• Climb up the stairs.

DOWN:

Down indicates the opposite meaning of up. It means a motion towards a lower place or position.

Example:

• He was walking down the river.
• I am climbing down the hill.
• Go down the stairs.

BETWEEN, AMONG

BETWEEN:

Between indicates something/someone to be in the middle of two other things or persons.

Example:

• Alex is sitting between Robin and Robert.
• The cat is between the two boxes.
• This matter is between you and him.

Among:

Among indicates something/someone to be in the middle of three or more other things or persons.

Example:

• Alex is sitting among the patients.
• He is the best among them.
• Among all the people, John had the courage to speak up.